姚晓, 冯玉军, 李颖川. 国内外气田开发中管内CO2腐蚀研究进展[J]. 油气储运, 1996, 15(2): 12-18.
引用本文: 姚晓, 冯玉军, 李颖川. 国内外气田开发中管内CO2腐蚀研究进展[J]. 油气储运, 1996, 15(2): 12-18.
Yao Xiao, Feng Yujun, Li Yingchuan. Achievements of Studies on CO2 Corrosion in Gas Pipelines[J]. Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation, 1996, 15(2): 12-18.
Citation: Yao Xiao, Feng Yujun, Li Yingchuan. Achievements of Studies on CO2 Corrosion in Gas Pipelines[J]. Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation, 1996, 15(2): 12-18.

国内外气田开发中管内CO2腐蚀研究进展

Achievements of Studies on CO2 Corrosion in Gas Pipelines

  • 摘要: 在天然气的开发、加工利用过程中, 管道遭受腐蚀是常见的现象, 其中CO2腐蚀占有相当数量, 针对管道内CO2腐蚀问题, 综合国内外最新研究成果, 重点介绍了挪威能源技术协会(IFE)对CO2腐蚀的研究成果, 分析单相及多相流中的CO2腐蚀机理及腐蚀特征, 将腐蚀分为均匀腐蚀、坑点腐蚀、冲刷腐蚀, 并指出影响CO2腐蚀的有pH值、温度、CO2分压、Fe2+浓度、流速、Cl-浓度、水化物、H2S含量等诸多因素。对CO2腐蚀速率的测定常常采用失重法、放射法和场电极法。为预测CO2腐蚀速率提出了Dewaard-Milliams模型、IFE—CORR模型、非缓蚀介质中CO2腐蚀的预测模型, 通过模型公式的计算, 可预测出CO2腐蚀速率。通过分析影响CO2腐蚀的各方面原因, 提出了下列防护措施, ①使用缓蚀剂; ②防止水化物生成; ③增大pH值; ④降低CO2分压; ⑤降低温度; ⑥避免紊流; ⑦选择抗蚀材料等。结合四川气田的CO2腐蚀问题, 提出了一些建议。

     

    Abstract: Corrosion, especially corrosion due to CO2, is one of the most common phenomena in natural gas development, processing and utilization. The paper introduces the latest international achievements made in the studies on pipeline corrosion due to CO2, with the emphasis on that by IFE. Discussed are the CO2 corrosion mechanism and characteristics in single- and multi-phase flows, with the mechanism grouped into uniform corrosion, pit corrosion, and ablation. It is pointed out that CO2 corrosion depends on such factors as PH value, temperature, lateral CO2 pressure, Fe2+ concentration, flow velocity, hydrate, H2S content, etc. Determination of CO2 corrosion rate usualy involves weight-loss, radioactive or field electrode method. Such models as Dewaard-Milliams, IFE-CORR and the prediction model for CO2 corrosion in a non-corrosion-inhibiting medium are given for corrosion rate calculation. The following measures a-gainst CO2 corrosion are suggested by analizing the different aspects of the CO2 corrosion; ①corrosion.inhibitor, ②preventing the generation of hydrate, ③promoting pH value, ④decreasing lateral CO2 pressure, ⑤lowering down temperature, ⑥preventing turbulent flow, and ⑦anti-corrosion materials.

     

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