杜振华, 李著信. 石油库装卸油过程中防静电危害的措施[J]. 油气储运, 1994, 13(3): 64-67.
引用本文: 杜振华, 李著信. 石油库装卸油过程中防静电危害的措施[J]. 油气储运, 1994, 13(3): 64-67.
Du Zhenhua, Li Zhuxin. Precautions to Prevent Static Electricity Harm During Tank Farm Loading[J]. Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation, 1994, 13(3): 64-67.
Citation: Du Zhenhua, Li Zhuxin. Precautions to Prevent Static Electricity Harm During Tank Farm Loading[J]. Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation, 1994, 13(3): 64-67.

石油库装卸油过程中防静电危害的措施

Precautions to Prevent Static Electricity Harm During Tank Farm Loading

  • 摘要: 对石油库装卸油过程中静电的产生、静电的分布以及产生静电危害的环节进行了研究﹐认为装卸油过程中的静电是由油品的流动、喷射、冲击和沉降等四种形式产生的, 过滤器是静电的主要生产源﹐发生静电危害的主要环节是油罐车和储油罐。在上述研究的基础上﹐以引起静电危害的四个条件为依据﹐提出了装卸油过程中防静电危害的一整套措施: ①控制流速﹐以降低摩擦速度; ②管路中应尽量少安装过滤器; ③管路上应尽量减少闸阀和弯头, 以减少油品与金属管壁的冲撞摩擦; ④管路两端及管路上每隔200~300 m处应接地; ⑤在油品中加抗静电剂﹐以增加油品导电率; ⑥在管路上安装静电消除器﹔⑦在油罐入口前附近设: 置缓和器; ⑧对装过汽油的罐车或储油罐在装油前必须进行清洗, 排除气体; ⑨作业人员操作前应进行人体放电, 工作时穿工作衣且不许佩带金属物﹔⑩严禁在灌装作业中进行检尺、测量和采样等。

     

    Abstract: Study is performed on’ static electricity development and distribution and harm during the course of tank farm loading. The conclusion is that the four aspects are the factors causing static electricity; product flowing, blasting, impacting and settling.The filters are the main source. The main position where static electricity takes place is tank car and tanks.Based on the four factors which cause static electricity harm, set forth is the whole set precaution, namely; ①To control flow rate so as to reduce friction speed; ②To try to install as few filters as possible in the loading line; ③To try to reduce the number of check valves and bends in order to reduce the possibility that the product impacts and rubs the metal wall; ④Grounding should be installed every 200~300 m at pipe ends and line pipe; ⑤To add antistatic additive to the product; ⑥To install static electricity arrestors on the line pipe; ⑦To install a shock reducer at inlet of a tank; ⑧The tank cars or tanks used to keep gasoline must be cleaned and the gas in them discharged before loading; ⑨Operators should carry out human electric discharge before starting to work and not allowed to wear metal jewery; ⑩Gauging, measuring and sample collecting are forbidden during tank loading.

     

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