Abstract: In the simple laboratary hydraulic piping system, if an air cylinder like a baloon is added for simple pipleine surge control experiment, surge harm can be prevented effectively. In addition, surge dynamic characteristics of the pipeline in operation can be simulated. This kind of air cylinder has the advantages of being airproof and the restricting runner is replacable, computers can be used to simulate the structural characteristics of the containers so as to control surge pressure boost rate in the pipeline caused by instant shutdown and avoid liquid colume seperation.Based on the trensiency analysis, friction resistance between the valve and cylinder. partial friction resistance at the connection of tees, friction tesistance between cylinder and pipe wall, the inertia of liquid colume and the liquid surface change, a mathematical complex battery limit module has been worked out for valves and air cylinders; a calculation process block diagram, a surge module program consisting of the complex boundary condition of air cylinders and valves, surge pressure change curve of three diffrent orifice—runner diameters with and without air cylinders.Measured data have been compared with calculated result. Which proved that the said air cylinder is simple to design and easy to operate, therefore being able to maintain surge control.