王强. 储罐超压变形的机理及其处理[J]. 油气储运, 1987, 6(4): 14-17.
引用本文: 王强. 储罐超压变形的机理及其处理[J]. 油气储运, 1987, 6(4): 14-17.
Wang Qiang. The Mechanism of Disformation of Storage Tanks under Overpressure and How to Deal with It[J]. Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation, 1987, 6(4): 14-17.
Citation: Wang Qiang. The Mechanism of Disformation of Storage Tanks under Overpressure and How to Deal with It[J]. Oil & Gas Storage and Transportation, 1987, 6(4): 14-17.

储罐超压变形的机理及其处理

The Mechanism of Disformation of Storage Tanks under Overpressure and How to Deal with It

  • 摘要: 罐装过满、罐内液体蒸汽压上升、液体系入罐时呼吸闷及辽气孔处于关闭或堵塞状态都会使油准超压,产生巨大的上举力。当上举力超过油罐向下的反作用力,油罐即发生严重的上举破坏。本文列举了由于不同原因引起油罐发生上举的实例,介绍了上举力的计算方法,并计算出100~10 000 m39种拱顶罐允许的最大上举力及对应的临界上举力。指出上举力并不随油罐尺寸增大而上升,也不取决于罐内液量的多少,只要耀内有很小的修压力就可以产生巨大的上举力。针对上举力对洒罐破坏的程度,提出发生过上举的油罐一般都可以修复使用的观点,对严重上举波坏和不严重上举坡坏陈述了处理的意见。此外,还对油罐发生上举的机理作了分析,阐明了从设计、操作、维修三个环节防止上举的措施,强调指出所有的防止上举的措施中保持排气孔清洁、呼吸阀开关灵活是最有效的措施。

     

    Abstract: Oil tanks may be overpressurized and thus build up a tremendous uplifting force overloading, rising of the liquid vapour pressure in tanks, shutting or blocking of breathers and vents as liquid is being pumped into tanks. Serious uplifting damages wiîl happen to tanks as soon as the upilfting force exeeds the downyard antiaction. The article enumerates a few uplifing cases that happneed in different situations, explains the calculation of the upifiting force, and obtains the permiscible uplifting force in 9 linds of vaults with a capacity of 100-10000 m3 and their respective crilical nplifing iozce. It is pointed out that the uplifting force neither increase with the incresse of tank volume, nor depends on the liquid level in the tank, just a little static pressure in the tank will be enovgh to build upmense uplifting force. In view of the tauk damage degrees made by uplifting force, lere it views that the tanks dimaged by uplifting force can, in general, be restored, and makes suggestions as to dealirg with serious as well as ligit damages by uplifting force. In addition, it makes analysis of the uplifting mechnism leading to tank collapse, explains in detail the measures to prevent uplifting at three key links, i.e. design, operation and maintenance, points out in particular that of all the measures to prevent uplifting, keeping the vents clean and breather taps flexible is the most effective.

     

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