Abstract: Optimization technique hag been applied in oil and gas induetry for years, it centered here mainly around its application and practice in oil and gas pipeline engineering, which contains the following five aspects:the optimum design of pipe- line system, optimum extension, operation, control and the optimization of marine pipeline engineering. Also dealt with are the historical development of pipeline engi- neering and the calculations adopted in opitimization together with a comment on their merits and defects respectively. It points out that the disadvantages of marine buried pipeline lie in the difficulty in construction, dear cost, inaccessibility to repair and over bending stress that it may causc. Instead, the au t hors prese nt a new design in which pipelines are. suspending underwater, the optimum target g are to keep pipeline stress, vibration magnitude and that of the vibrat ion absorber within their permissible range. Great economic efficiency have been obtained as a result of applying optimization to pipeline engineering in the last ten years.