Abstract: Sino-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline enters into China from Mohe, Heilongjiang Province, and it runs across the permafrost region and seasonal permafrost region in the northern part of the country, and possibly, the rigid geology conditions will cause deformation for the pipeline due to the freezing-thawing effect. Therefore, the authors overview the research process and achievements obtained in the safety of frost heaving of oil pipeline at home and abroad, analyze the frost heaving theory models, including the moisture migration model of saturated frozen soil, the one-dimensional frost heave model of ice crystals forming principle, etc.. The important protection measures on the pipeline structure at lower temperature, all-position backfilling for pipeline and the design method of permitted freezing technology are recommended. And also, the authors describe the moisture-temperature-strength coupling model theory of saturated frozen soil and non-saturated frozen soil, and consider that improving the numerical physical models and developing the high-performance pipe materials should be taken as a research field so as to able to provide a reference to the construction and operation of pipelines in frozen soil region.