Abstract: The watercourse crossing project codes of Russia (CП 108-34-97) and China (GB 50423－2007) are comparatively studied. In the aspects of application scope, the former is an enterprise standard applied to the watercourse crossing project of a certain pipeline, while the latter is a general standard applied to the watercourse crossing projects for inland oil & gas pipelines. In the aspect of safety concept, for the former, the personnel and property safety are guaranteed by the relatively safe distance, while for the latter, the pipeline strength requirement is made to keep the pipeline away from danger and accident. In the aspects of safety design, the calculating wall thickness of the pipeline for the former is less than 70% of that for the latter, because the former pays more attention to the costs and material potential. Both Russian and Chinese codes for the watercourse crossing projects are applied to the construction of the Central Asia Gas Pipeline in order to guarantee scientificity and safety.