Objective Landslides pose a significant threat to pipeline infrastructure, leading to failure accidents. However, monitoring the operational states of pipelines in landslide areas necessitates urgent attention.

Methods This paper introduced a surface displacement measurement method using SBAS-InSAR remote sensing technology, enabling precise monitoring of pipeline displacement in millimeters over extended distances spanning kilometers. In this study, a three-dimensional spatial routing reconstruction method for pipelines was presented, incorporating pipeline data on spatial coordinates along centerlines and geometric characteristics, along with the cubic spline interpolation algorithm. In addition, a finite element model for pipeline stress analysis was developed by applying spatial pipe elements and nonlinear pipe-soil elements while taking into consideration real-world pipeline routings and operational load conditions such as temperature and pressure. Further, a computational method for analyzing pipeline stress states in landslide areas was devised, utilizing remotely sensed landslide displacement as an accurate boundary condition.

Results Field applications conducted in a landslide area, the Liangxiang to Xishatun section of the Third Shaanxi-Beijing Pipeline from 2021 to 2022, demonstrated that the proposed computational method yielded pipeline stress results within a maximum relative error of 16% when compared to monitoring results obtained from distributed strain gauges. Based on this assessment, the pipeline in this section was deemed to be in a safe condition.

Conclusion The combined utilization of SBAS-InSAR technology and finite element analysis proves to be an accurate approach for evaluating the stress distribution in pipelines located within landslide areas. Moreover, it effectively facilitates spatial reconstruction and safety assessment of pipeline stress states in such areas.This method can serve as a valuable guide for enhancing the safety and reliability of pipelines in landslide areas and may also provide insights for monitoring and designing similar infrastructure projects.Additionally, this methodology establishes a technical foundation for developing a digital twin aimed at monitoring pipeline safety in geological hazard areas in the future.