Abstract: The stress concentration and fiber accumulation is easy to occur at the head of the fiber-wound reinforced pressure vessel, which is the weak link for its overall damage failure. Thus, it is particularly important to strengthen the safety performance of the head when the gas cylinder is under pressure. Herein, research was conducted based on the basalt fiber-reinforced composite cylinder. Meanwhile, it was calculated that the stable non-geodesic winding could be realized in case the winding deviated 0-9° from the geodesic line. Besides, the finite element analysis model of the gas cylinder with different winding angles was established to analyze its influence on the strain distribution of the gas cylinder head. The results show that with the increase of the winding deviation angle, the maximum strain and the strain distribution range of the head are minimized at the winding angle of 23° at 35 MPa working pressure. Under the minimum blasting pressure of 119 MPa, an inflection point of the maximum strain at the head appears at the winding angle of 23°. The stress distribution along the inner and outer wall of the head shows that the non-geodesic winding can obviously reduce the stress of the whole head. Furthermore, the numerical simulation results are verified by a hydraulic blasting test. Generally, the research results could provide a reference for optimizing the safety of compressed natural gas and hydrogen storage and transportation equipment.