Abstract: Pipelines and pipeline networks are the safest and most efficient way to transport oil, and leakage monitoring is a vital part of pipeline integrity management, which is of great significance for achieving carbon neutrality, reducing the energy burden and safeguarding people's lives and property. At present, there are many leakage monitoring practices available for oil pipelines, but no complete evaluation system has been established. In order to realize more real-time and accurate leakage monitoring, the oil pipeline leakage monitoring technologies are divided into two types(hardware and software) according to the different ways of obtaining and processing leakage signals. Meanwhile, the principles, advantages and disadvantages as well as the latest research progress of various monitoring technologies were discussed in detail. According to the technical characteristics and indicators of various leakage monitoring methods of oil pipelines, an evaluation index system for oil pipeline leakage monitoring technology was established with reference to the current technical standards and specifications at home and abroad. Thus, qualitative and quantitative evaluation tables were formed, and a method optimization process was subsequently proposed. The future development trend of oil pipeline leakage monitoring was summarized and predicted, which would be multi-integration of software and hardware, efficient data acquisition and processing, intelligent analysis and diagnosis, and information system integration.