Abstract: It is of great importance to establish the One Pipeline Network (OPN) to implement the national oil and gas system reform and the new national energy security strategy, as well as to build a unified national market. Herein, the pain spots faced by the construction and operation of oil and gas infrastructures were summarized by studying the 14th Five Year Plan for modern energy system issued by the National Development and Reform Commission and the National Energy Administration in 2022. Meanwhile, the definition and connotation of OPN was proposed by referring to the practical experience in construction of intelligent power grid of the State Grid and Alibaba Cloud's industrial brain for digital transformation of enterprises. Thereby, it was recommended to establish the market prediction and analysis model of oil and gas resources, the natural gas logistics balance and optimization model, the analysis and optimization model of natural gas pipeline hydraulic system, the value evaluation model, the geographic information system and the network layout methodology for OPN, so as to realize the co-construction and sharing of relevant data, algorithm and computing power in OPN, promote the establishment of OPN, and achieve the reform goal of building a unified national oil and gas market.