Abstract: In order to ensure the reliable operation of oil transmission stations and improve the lightning protection performance of their power supply lines, the lightning accidents occurred to power supply lines in the Anshun Station in the southern mountainous area of China during 2018 to 2020 were counted by category, and comprehensive analysis was performed for the lightning accidents. On this basis, the poles and towers requiring transformation for lightning protection were determined by considering the four influencing factors of line corridor, i.e., ground flash density, topography, grounding resistance of poles and towers, and lightning withstand level. In view of the lightning protection measures of improving the insulation level, reducing the grounding resistance, and installing lightning arresters, analysis was conducted for the poles and towers one by one, and transformation measures for differentiated lightning protection were put forward on the basis of ensuring the lightning protection capability, with reference to the on-site construction of the lines and the economic conditions of line transformation. Upon completion of the line transformation, the trip rate and equipment damage rate caused by lightning are significantly reduced, which proves the scientificity and effectiveness of the transformation plan.