Abstract: With the development and planning of national Industry 4.0, the oil and gas pipelines are developing towards the intelligent construction and operation management. The intelligent pipelines can be realized through the calculation-based judgment and command control, provided that the information on the identification, status, location and environmental status of each component of the oil and gas pipelines is collected. However, both of the information collection and the command transmission are inseparable from the Internet of Things (IoT). As for the construction of the IoT network layer, a variety of communication technologies are involved, which are mainly determined according to the requirements of the bandwidth, real-time and the reliability of data transmission, as well as the transmission distance. Currently, the traditional communication technologies, such as the optical fiber communication, satellite communication and microwave relay communication, cannot meet the requirements of the massive monitoring and monitoring data transmission in the construction of intelligent oil and gas pipelines. Thus, the emerging wireless IoT transmission technologies such as NB-IoT, LORA, ZigBee, Beidou short message and other technologies will play an important role in the construction of IoT network layer for intelligent pipelines.