Abstract: The construction and operation management of mountainous pipelines in Southwest China faces the "two major risks" of complicated geological changes and frequent human activities, and the "three problems" of poor applicability of laws, regulations and standards, low estimation for construction and management costs and lack of mountainous oil and gas pipeline technology, resulting in high systematic risk in pipeline management and great difficulty in its safety management and control. By analyzing the engineering characteristics and the difficulty of management and control of mountainous oil and gas pipeline, the idea was proposed to balance the two constraints of the unknown and uncontrollable risks and the inefficient management and control system relying on the digitalization and intelligence. Moreover, the general idea of digital transformation with "five longitudinal + two transverse pipelines and two systems" was put forward based on the actual business condition of the mountainous pipeline company, forming the complete technical route of intelligent operation of mountainous pipeline from data perception, transmission, storage, standardization, application and decision optimization to intelligent logic control, and further improving the capability and efficiency of risk management and control of mountainous pipeline. Here, the practice and achievements of intelligent construction of mountainous pipeline in basic support layer(two systems), specific application layer(five longitudinal pipelines) and platform integration layer(two transverse pipelines) were illustrated systematically, and the suggestions on future development were also proposed.