Abstract: Heating furnace is an essential thermal device in the process of surface gathering and transportation of an oil field, with energy consumption accounting for 80% of the total in the gathering and transportation system. Therefore, a reasonable control against the energy consumption rise of oil field heating furnace is of great significance for the efficient operation and scientific management of oil field gathering and transportation system. Proceeding from the basic theory of energy efficiency benchmarking management, the factors that affect the thermal efficiency of heating furnace were analyzed by thermal balance analysis method. On the basis of benchmarking management theory, a complete benchmarking system for heating furnace energy efficiency was constructed, mainly covering the selection and definition of benchmarking indexes, statistical caliber and calculation methods, calculation method of weight, selection of benchmarking values, prediction method of heating furnace energy efficiency, etc. As a case study, the statistical data of heating furnace energy consumption in a certain oilfield was used for benchmarking, the causes of low operating efficiency of heating furnace were analyzed, and the corresponding energy-saving measures were raised to provide basis for improving the operation efficiency of the heating furnace and attaining economic operation management.