Abstract: The automatic control level of long-distance oil and gas pipelines has direct relation with the safety and efficiency of production and operation. China–Russia Eastern Gas Pipeline Project put into operation on December 2, 2019 has opened a new chapter in China's long-distance oil and gas pipeline automatic control technology through innovative practices. Grasping the main line of the technical characteristics of automatic control system and relying on the typical long-distance oil and gas pipeline control system, the development process of key technologies in China's long-distance oil and gas pipeline control system was reviewed, the development status of automatic control technology for long-distance oil and gas pipelines were introduced, and the development prospect of automatic control technology for long-distance oil and gas pipelines was predicted in combination with intelligent pipeline construction. All design indexes of the northern section of China–Russia Eastern Gas Pipeline Project are in the world's leading level. From the view of innovative achievements in the composition, structure and function of SCADA system, the automatic control system thereof represents the current highest level of automatic control technology for long-distance oil and gas pipelines in China.