Abstract: As a country rich in oil and gas resources, Turkmenistan's natural gas industry has become a pillar industry of its national economy. However, Turkmenistan's natural gas export shows a weak growth trend due to insufficient productivity construction and blocked export channels. At present, Turkmenistan has natural gas export lines from Russia in north, Iran in south and China in east. Whereas China is the only major buyer of its natural gas due to the influence of geopolitical and economic interests. To get rid of such predicament, Turkmenistan actively promoted the diversification of natural gas export. On the one hand, it expanded new export channels, vigorously promoted the implementation of TAPI project to South Asia, and at the same time discussed the Trans-Caspian Natural Gas Pipeline Project with each stakeholder. On the other hand, Turkmenistan fully promoted the resource utilization of natural gas in the country, vigorously developed natural gas chemical industry and power generation, and converted existing natural gas resources into products with high added value for export. Turkmenistan, as a source country of China's natural gas imports, has an irreplaceable position in China's natural gas imports from Central Asia. It is the most realistic in the current relations between China and Turkmenistan to tamp down the performance of the China–Turkmenistan natural gas trade contract and to guard against Turkmenistan's reduction in gas supply. In the future, the possibility of establishing a large natural gas pipeline network from Central Asia to South Asia, covering China, Iran, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan, Pakistan and India, may be explored based on TAPI and IPI projects.