Abstract: In this paper, the change characteristics of multi-cycle storage capacity of 8 supporting UGSs of Shaanxi–Beijing pipeline system were analyzed. It is shown that these UGSs are mainly in the states of stable operation and storage capacity expansion. Then, on the basis of static storage capacity analysis, the concepts of effective storage capacity, invalid storage capacity and storage capacity efficiency were introduced, and the storage capacity situations of the 8 supporting UGSs were evaluated overall. By the indicator of storage capacity efficiency, 8 UGSs were divided into three categories. Finally, the factors for the formation of invalid storage capacity in the 8 UGSs were summarized, and the measures and suggestions for improving the effective storage capacity were put forward. In conclusion, effective storage capacity and storage capacity efficiency can better evaluate the operation situations of the supporting UGSs of Shaanxi–Beijing pipeline system, present good practicability and play a certain guiding role in the production, operation and performance evaluation of similar UGSs in China.