Abstract: The vibration of reciprocating compressor outlet pipelines can easily lead to fatigue failure of the pipelines. The excitation frequency of reciprocating compressor can be avoided by changing the natural frequency of the gas column in the pipeline system. In this paper, the equivalent mathematical model of reciprocating compressor structure was established by combining reciprocating compressor's and pipeline system's vibration mechanisms and vibration reduction methods. Then, the acoustic pulsation of the compressor was simulated by the vibration analysis software. Finally, vibration reduction design was carried out on the outlet pipelines according to the analysis results. It is shown that increasing the number of orifices can significantly reduce the natural frequency of reciprocating compressor outlet pipelines to keep it out of resonant response range and decrease the pressure unevenness and pulsation amplitude of the gas column in the pipeline system. The simulation calculation provides the scientific basis for the safe operation and fatigue calculation of reciprocating compressors and the theoretical reference for subsequent piping design.