Abstract: Old oil & gas pipelines which have been in service for a longer time tend to suffer accidents frequently and their structural safety is low with high operating costs, so they shall be treated as the abandonment. In this paper, an abandonment judgment method based on failure probability for old pipelines was proposed as follows. Firstly, after the data of oil & gas pipeline accidents at home and abroad are extensively investigated, referring to the data of accident frequency, the basic pipeline failure probability is recommended. Then, the failure probability is calculated based on the historical accident data of the target pipeline or the pipeline with the contemporaneous construction and similar operation environment, and it is used as the evaluation index of abandonment judgment. Finally, the guidance for abandonment of old pipeline is provided by using the dimensionless risk coefficient. By virtue of this method, the quantitative abandonment judgment and evaluation of oil & gas pipeline can realize and the problem related with the abandonment judgment of old pipelines can be solved effectively.