Abstract: It is at a 300 km test section in the first-order area in the west part of the 3 rd West-to-East Gas Pipeline that 0.8 design factor is used for the first time in China and it embodies the pipeline design and construction level of China. As the design factor increases from 0.72 to 0.8, the pipe wall gets thinner. In order to ensure the operation safety of pipelines, therefore, it is necessary to carry out high pressure tests on the pipelines. In this paper, a reliability based pressure test evaluation method was proposed. In this method, Monte Carlo technology is used to carry out reliability analysis. The actual hydrostatic pressure test was conducted on the test pipe section that design factor is 0.8 by combining the actual data with the limit state theory model. The reliability based pressure test evaluation method is beneficial to guarantee the safety and effectiveness of pressure test.