Abstract: In this paper, field investigation was carried out along the China-Russia Eastern Gas Pipeline in Heilongjiang section and its geomorphology, regional stability and seismic activity data were collected. And accordingly, 78 potential geological disaster points and 6 types of geological disaster(i.e., freezing and thawing of frozen soil, river bank collapse, collapse, soil erosion, chemical corrosion and salt swelling of saline soil, and landslide) are identified along the pipeline. Based on the identification result of geological disasters, their distribution laws were studied, their development situations and risks were analyzed, and the preventive measures were proposed correspondingly. It is shown that along the Heilongjiang section of the China-Russia Eastern Gas Pipeline, it is characterized by gentle landform, stable geological structure, undeveloped seismic and tectonic activities and generally less developed geological disaster. The landforms and annual average temperature along the pipeline are the main factors effecting the distribution of different types of geological disaster. The main geological disaster along this pipeline section are frozen swelling, freezing and thawing of frozen soil and river bank collapse, and their risk is small.