Abstract: The identification of high consequence area (HCA) is a key part of pipeline integrity management and its effectiveness evaluation is an important way to improve the HCA management benefit continuously. At present, there are no mature unified technologies and methods for effectiveness evaluation at home and abroad. In this paper, a flow chart of effectiveness evaluation was proposed based on the implementation process of HCA management in China. Then, an HCA effectiveness evaluation index system was established in the input-output model according to the principles of independence, concision and systematicness. The HCA management effectiveness was evaluated based on data envelopment analysis (DEA). This method was applied to six pipelines to evaluate their HCA management effectiveness and identify the insufficient points. It is verified that this method is of good applicability and reliability. In order to obtain a more scientific and accurate evaluation result, it is recommended to ask experienced managerial personnel, technical experts and engineers to participate in the evaluation when this method is used for the effectiveness evaluation of HCA management.