Abstract: The PID control technology can be applied in pump stations along oil pipelines to keep the pipeline pressure steady and realize higher automation of regulation and operation of oil pipeline. However, the effect of PID control is influenced by multiple factors, and the evidence of some abnormal events may be covered up for oil pipeline equipped with PID. Incorrect use of PID will bring unsafe factors to pipeline operation. Through analyzing the composition of PID control system and its working principle, combined with the influence of PID characteristics on pressure response of regulation valve, the influence of PID selective control on pipeline operation, the influence of PID control on the judgment of oil leakage and the influence of PID detection unit on pipeline operation, risks of oil pipeline equipped with PID are identified. This paper clarifies the influence of PID control on oil pipeline risk control. Some preventive measures are put forward, including enhancing the modification of PID parameter after being put into production and operation, strengthening the patrol and troubleshooting of important equipment, ensuring the reliability of equipment and switching between PID control and manual control in time.