LNG储罐地震响应分析方法
Comparison of analysis methods for earthquake responses of LNG tank
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摘要: 液化天然气储罐抗震设计是整个LNG工程的重点。LNG储罐地震分析方法包括规范推荐公式、流体单元法、附加质量法, 3种方法理论基础基本一致, 但计算方法和效果有所区别: 液化天然气储罐的地震分析反应谱一般采用EN 1998-1-2004定义的设计反应谱, EN 1998-1规范公式是对Haroun-Housner理论的简化推导; 流体单元法通过有限元软件中的流体单元, 模拟储罐真实地震反应, 用于耦合液体-储罐-场地土系统分析; 附加质量法是将液体冲击作用部分的质量和晃动部分的质量放置到其对应的等效作用高度上, 是流体单元法和规范公式的结合。从计算精度、安全余量、计算效率等方面综合考虑, 在LNG工程设计中, 建议采用附加质量法作为获取LNG储罐地震响应的主要方法。Abstract: Aseismic design of liquefied natural gas (LNG) tank is a key component of the LNG project. Major aseismic analysis techniques for LNG tank include recommended standard formula, fluid element method and additional mass method. All three methods have basically the same theoretical bases but different calculation modes and effects. Generally speaking, response spectrum for aseismic design specified in EN 1998-1-2004 is used for design of LNG tanks. EN 1998-1 standard formula is the simplified deviation of Haroun-Housner theory. By using fluid element in finite-element software to simulate actual earthquake responses of LNG tank, the fluid element method is used for sysmatic analysis of coupling fluid-storage-site soil system. Additional mass method involves superposition of mass related to fluid impact and the mass related to waving section on the corresponding equivalent height. It is the combination of fluid element method and standard formula. As far as calculation accuracy, safety margin and efficiency are concerned, additional mass method is recommended during engineering design of LNG projects to determine earthquake responses.