Abstract: This paper reviewed researches related to energy consumption for oil transportation in the Changqing-Hohhot Crude Oil Pipeline through optimization of operation program. Based on the actual operation program of the pipeline in a specific month, researches have been conducted in two aspects: optimization of pipeline operation program and optimization of hourly flowrate allocations. By using the two-stage hierarchical model, operation program of the pipeline with specific flow rates can be optimized. By using least square method, overall heat-transfer coefficients and friction resistance correction factors in various pipeline sections can be determined through back calculation. Research results show that there are potentials for optimization of the existing operation program for the Changqing-Hohhot Crude Oil Pipeline: in case of lower flowrates, the number of heating furnaces can be increased to reduce outlet temperatures and eventually to reduce total fuel consumption of the entire pipeline, or the number of pumps in operation can be increased (or deploy high-lift pumps instead of low-lift pumps) to reduce outlet temperatures and eventually to minimize overall energy consumption for oil transportation through the pipeline. Optimization of portfolio for monthly oil-transportation flow rates and optimization of operation program can be seen as the two major directions for energy preservation in the Changqing-Hohhot Crude Oil Pipeline.