Abstract: For wax deposition in the petroleum industry, the influences of coolant temperature, oil flow temperature and different temperature ranges with the same temperature difference of single-phase waxy crude oil system on wax deposition mechanism are discussed by using cold finger experimental apparatus. The macroscopic properties of wax deposition are acquired. Moreover, macro changes of deposition components are analyzed with the help of high temperature gas chromatography (HTGC). Under the same oil temperature, as the coolant temperature increases, the wax deposition rate decreases while the proportion of high carbon number components in deposition increases. Under the same coolant temperature, as the oil temperature increases from near the condensation point to above the wax precipitation point, wax deposition amount decreases, then increases, and finally decreases, while the proportion of high carbon number components in deposition increases. Under the same temperature difference, as the temperature within the temperature range rises, the amount of wax deposition fluctuates and reaches a maximum when the oil temperature is near the wax precipitation point, and the proportion of high carbon number components in deposition increases constantly. The ambient temperature remains constant in the actual pipe flow and rising inlet oil temperature can reduce the occurrence of deposition. Therefore, in the whole process of waxy crude oil transportation via pipeline, it is of great importance to select inlet oil temperature for the formation of wax deposition as well as the cleaning after the formation. The experimental results indicate that the inlet oil temperature is not as high as possible, and it is guaranteed that the inlet oil temperature is lower than the wax precipitation point and above the condensation point about 5 ℃ in the entire pipeline transportation process.