Abstract: Frost heaving and thawing settlement characteristics of frozen earth may have impact on the operation safety of long-distance pipeline in permafrost regions. As an effective technique to detect the geological structure and positions around the pipeline, the ground penetrating radar (GPR) technology is gradually applied in the safety testing of pipelines in permafrost regions. Through the GPR spot survey of two sections of Mohe-Daqing Crude Oil Pipeline in permafrost regions, and the analysis of detected data, the distribution, status and ice content of frozen earth around two sections are acquired. Moreover, thawing settlement of frozen earth caused by the piping hot effect is identified in different vegetation conditions, geographical positions, topography, protective measures and annual mean ground temperatures. Thus, the research results can provide a basis to the ensuring of safe operation for long-distance pipelines in permafrost regions.