Abstract: A dialectical relationship exists between gas resource allocation, long-distance pipeline construction and consumer market development in the evolution of provincial gas industry. This paper presents Shaanxi provincial natural gas industry in respect of the upstream, midstream and downstream. The problems of the consumer market in Shaanxi Province are discussed from consumption structure, gas inhomogeneity and other aspects, through introducing the relationship of upstream gas production capacity and resource allocation, the construction and related facilities of long-distance pipeline, and the potential of downstream consumer market. Then, countermeasures are proposed against such problems. The research results show that a "short board" may occur during the development of Shaanxi provincial natural gas industry, namely, resource allocation, pipeline construction and market development interact with each other in stages. Gas companies should, with various factors considered, break through the bottleneck currently, while seeking a balanced and healthy way to develop.