Abstract: In order to ensure the safe and smooth operation of western Urumchi-Shanshan Oil Pipeline, and save energy and lower cost, this paper analyzes the properties of crude oil from Kazakhstan, oil temperature and ground temperature of Urumchi-Shanshan Oil Pipeline and Alasan-Dushanzi-Urumchi Oil Pipeline, moreover, feasibility of alternating hot and cold transport of Urumchi-Shanshan Oil Pipeline in winter is discussed. The results show that based on low throughout of long-distance pipeline in winter, the inlet temperature of oil changes little, and in the same trend of the ground temperature, ground temperature along the pipeline is an important parameter in alternating hot and cold transport in winter. By using alternating hot and cold transport technology, Kazakhstan Oil can be transported at ambient temperature, which barely affects the physical properties of northern Xinjiang Oil, and taking alternating hot and cold transport technique in Urumchi-Shanshan Oil Pipeline in winter can save about 51.6% of natural gas fuel, that is a substantial energy saving, and it is feasible to use alternating hot and cold transport technique in Urumchi-Shanshan Oil Pipeline in winter.