Abstract: When lightening occurs above a large-scale petroleum reserve tankfarm, an instantaneous surge of voltage will be created due to discharging. If good safety device is absent in deriving or eliminating the current, lightening hazards will be produced. According to the specific functions of large-scale petroleum reserve tankfarm designed, it can be divided into four areas, including administrative area, supplementary production area, oil product loading/unloading area and outside pipeline/tankfarm area. Accordingly, the effective measures for protection and prevention against lightening are proposed, mainly covering direct lightening strike, induction lightening, lightening wave and electromagnetic impulse, providing a reference to the safety production in large-scale petroleum reserve tankfarm.