Abstract: In order to prevent and reduce electric compressor faults, the various faults of a large-scale compressor in the recent 5 years are classified. This paper evaluates and analyzes possible risks using RCM reliability analysis technology, determines potential compressor failure modes, including power system, frequency converter of motor-driven compressor, variable-speed motor, filtering system, surge inhibition cabinet and non-driven-end of motor, brings forward relevant maintenance strategies, including regular maintenance, maintenance after failure, status maintenance and condition-based maintenance. The application of RCM analysis method enables to reduce running risks and maintenance cost of the compressors, to prevent excessive maintenance, and to enhance compressor running and management level.