Abstract: Protection from lightning and static electricity of oil and gas pipeline is a complex system, the measures taken include direct lightning protection, surge protection, grounding and equipotential protection and something like that. Lightning and static electricity protection for the stations of oil pipeline in Lanzhou-Zhengzhou-Changsha Pipeline (the pipeline sections in Gansu Province) is taken as an research case, comprehensive theory of lightning and static electricity protection and simulation of equivalent circuits for lightning current are used and detailed circuit analysis and numerical calculation are introduced to assess the results caused by hazards, aiming at providing a comprehensive rectification program to the grounding, equipotential, shielding, power surge and electrostatic protection of the stations of oil and gas pipelines. The rectification program has been used for three years, during which the Lanzhou-Zhengzhou-Changsha Pipeline (Gansu pipeline section) has had no lightning or static electricity accidents, for which complete safety measures minimize accidents to provide a reliable technical guarantee to the safe operation of pipelines.