Abstract: Due to the enormous hydrostatic pressure from height difference, it is essential to ensure safe and steady running for large-fall oil transportation pipelines under high pressure. In accordance with the design of the Santanghu Crude Oil Transportation Pipeline, offline simulation software SPS is used to build a model for the Santanghu Crude Oil Transportation Pipeline so as to conduct steady-state and transient simulation. In addition, pressure reducing station set-up, variable wall thickness design, pressure relief valve and pressure regulating valve installation in the station, water hammer lead protection program of SCADA system and other measures are adopted and lead protection programs are developed according to different transportation parameters to achieve safe and steady operation of the pipeline.