Abstract: Calibre detector is one of the essential tools for detection in the pipeline. Relevant principles and functions of calibre detectors for oil and gas pipeline are described, development status and recent research progress in calibre detector technology at home and abroad are summarized in detail, and calibre detectors are specifically classified, performance characteristics of calibre detectors manufactured by major foreign companies are compared and described, and finally prospects for development and technical difficulties of drift detectors are proposed. The future development direction of calibre detectors are towards high precision and multifunction, while the speed control, detection accuracy, reliability as well as post data processing and analysis are the key to calicre detectors, which can provide some reference to the development of China's calibre detector technology.