Abstract: The total costs of initial investment for long-distance pipeline constructions can be divided into pipeline cost and compressor cost. Optimizing the initial investment by mathematical modeling can be made after the relationship between the pipeline cost and pipeline inner diameter, and compressor cost and compressor power are conformed. Based on the relevant parameters of pipeline, compressors and air sources, relevant mathematical models are set up by PipePhase software and optimization analysis on the model is carried out by the optimization function of the software. Two different results are gained from the analysis, and the final conclusion can be drawn by contrasting them, that is, putting the later-stage running costs into the initial design of pipeline can enhance the overall benefits in the construction and operation of pipeline.