Abstract: Maintenance work within oil tank is necessary during oil tank cleaning, test, anticorrosion, and process examination etc.Therefore it is a high risk job.The risk of maintenance work within the oil tank originates from four aspects:hypoxic, toxic gases.flammable gases and job injuries.The features of this kind of accident are consisted of different types, complicated causes, very difficult to self-rescue in distressed condition, hardly possible in rescue, more prone to a secondary accident.In order to ensure scientific, safe and effective implementation of emergency rescue for the maintenance accidents within oil tank, careful emergency response plan should be made in advance.It should set the warning on immediately after accidents;accurately control the situation of the field accident and carefully carry out necessary testing before rescue operation;carry out ventilation and oxygen supplementary within tank:correctly select rescue equipments and fulfill the right rescue means;at the same time protect the rescue crew well and prevent person suffering secondary damage in distress.