Abstract: Assessment indexes currently used in operation energy efficiency of natural gas pipelines are summarized.It is pointed out that these indexes can not be used to identify energy consumption and energy saving potential on every sub-system or equipment in pipeline system, and moreover, computation method about production energy consumption of unit turnover will still be determined, indexes in unit consumption of power vs unit consumption of gas, power consumption vs throughput ratio as well as gas consumption vs throughput ratio are not independent, which can not be used to assess energy efficiency.From the angle of energy utilization efficiency, assessment indexes on gas pipeline system and its accessory equipment are presented, and energy efficiency indexes assessment system is established and calculation method on relative indexes is proposed.It is considered that the determination on rational application scope for every energy efficiency index should be based on a plenty of actual and statistical data from different gas pipelines.