Abstract: Operation problems existed in heat medium heaters of Western Oil Pipeline are analyzed, such as oxygen volume analysis/control system unavailable works normally, temperature around heater walls is ultrahigh, flue gas temperature is high and vast soot formation deposits in flue header.Countermeasures in adjusting oxygen volume analysis/control system, repair and technical reform, process optimization and technology innovation are taken, which enhance operation thermal efficiency and reliability of the heat medium heaters.