Abstract: Field test with light coal tar to replace crude oil is conducted in Ningyang Pumping Station. Research on combustion characteristic of crude oil and light coal tar is made. It is discovered from results that combustion heat value of the light coal tar is similar to that of crude oil. Feasibility for light coal tar substituting for crude oil is studied and such operating conditions as flue gas emission, thermal efficiency and soot blowing, etc. for light coal tar used as fuel oil are analyzed. It is considered that substituting light coal tar for crude oil or heavy crude oil as fuel oil can lower environment pollution, increase social effect and economic benefits remarkably.