Abstract: Current situation and characteristics of Northeastern Oil Pipeline Networks are summarized from oil flowing direction/transportation technology, types and properties of crude oil, pipeline loading rate, pipeline route and equipment aging. An initial analysis is made on primary influencing factors of oil transportation cost of the networks from the viewpoint of technology and economy, including pipeline loading rate, operating manner of oil batch transportation, pigging period and pigging level, third party damage andservice life of pipelines. It is considered that the analysis conclusion is of certain instructive significance in strengthening operation and management level and economic profits of the networks. Meanwhile, further research in safety operation of the pipeline networks on effective and economic bases is put forward.