Abstract: Taking the inspections of heaters and boilers used in Daqing-Tieling Oil Pipeline and Qinhuangdao-Beijing Oil Pipeline as examples, such parameters as thermal efficiency, concentration of flue gas extraction and air coefficient are measured in line with relative requirements using standard inspection equipment in order to find out major factors influencing on thermal efficiency of the heaters.Operation status of the heaters are analyzed and recommendations are presented that adjustment should be done to operation conditions of the heaters based on oil transportation requirements to ensure them to run at high thermal efficiency.