Abstract: The legislation about oil and gas pipeline safety in USA began several decades ago. Pipeline safety law was incorporated into United States Code. Pipeline Safety Improvement Act and Pipeline Inspection, Protection, Enforcement and Safety Acts were signed into the law in 2002 and 2006 respectively. Office of Pipeline Safety in Department of Transportation and Transportation Security Administration in Department of Homeland Security have applied a variety of strategies to promote compliance with their safety standards and guilt prevention to terrorist attacks. Pipeline safety was also promoted by establishing one-call notice system, national pipeline mapping and public education organizations. In this paper, oil and gas pipeline safety administration system in USA was investigated by addressing the legislation in pipeline safety, administration model and practice of federal departments, and state's management on pipelines. Laws concerning pipeline safety in China were also listed. It is pointed out that there are inspirations earned from oil and gas pipeline safety administration of USA and other countries, and China should put more attention to the legislation about pipeline safety and making the administration system perfect to assure the safety oil and gas pipelines.