Abstract: Generation condition and structural characteristics of natural gas hydrates are described.The authors introduce 4 methods(heating, hydrate inhibitor, dehydrated technique and pressure dropping methods)to prevent and control the generation of natural gas hydrates, and analyze and study prevention and control mechanism.The authors consider that developing an inhibitor of low volume and high performance by means of computer-based molecule simulation technology can obtain an optimal preventive effect based on comprehensive measures to eliminate the hazard during the production and transmission of natural gas.