Abstract: The Republic of Kazakhstan, located at the Central Asia, is a major petroleum supply country of China, and the energy cooperation between China and Kazakhstan is one of the most potential fields at the present stage.The Sino-Kazakhstan Oil Pipeline being constructed is the first-key project against the energy cooperation background, which is sure to promote the further energy cooperation for the two countries in the future.This paper reviews the establishment and construction of the Sino-Kazakhstan Oil Pipeline, describes the important significance of the pipeline in building up the strategic partner relationship and energy cooperation for the two countries.The authors consider that the construction of pipeline is an important "opening outsides" policy for PetroChina to carry out and a effective measure to realize the petroleum import on a diversification base.