天然气管道极限压力有限元模拟研究
Finite Element Analysis of Limit Pressure for Longitudinal Through-wall Cracked Natural Gas Pipeline
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摘要: 管道极限压力的确定能为管道设计提供优化参数和安全运行保障, 节约建设成本, 降低危险系数。但现有预测公式往往偏差较大, 导致浪费和评估误差。利用三维有限元模型, 模拟天然气管道在不含裂纹、不同长度纵向穿透裂纹和环向穿透裂纹三种情况下的极限压力, 并根据模拟结果建立两种含裂纹情况下极限压力与管道材料性能、尺寸、裂纹长度的工程预测模型。与已知预测模型比较发现, 在无裂纹存在时, Christopher公式的预测公式可很好地用于工程分析, 但在含缺陷情况下, 现有预测公式与本文所建公式相比存在较大保守性, 尤其对环向穿透裂纹存在时, 已知预测模型与模拟结果存在极大差异。Abstract: Limit pressure can provide pipeline design parameters and the guarantee of safely operating, thus sav-ing the construction cost and reducing danger of burst accidents. In this paper, three-dimension finite ele-ment is used to study the plastic limit pressures (Pm) of natural gas pipelines under three conditions: with-out defects, having longitudinal and circumferential through-wall cracks each. Based on the results of simu-lation, the corresponding predictive formulations of Pm to the material property, pipe dimension and crack length (or crack angle) are established. Compared with existing predictive models, it comes to these con-cludes as here: if there were no defects in the pipe, Christopher's model (formula 3) can be safely used. But to the conditions that through-wall cracks were included, the already known models would result higher discrepancy, especially for circumferential through wall cracked pipes.