Abstract: With the rapid development of natural gas pipeline construction in China, some technological problems in construction produce and need to be urgently solved.The one of the typical problems is the air pressure test for large diameter high-pressure gas pipeline under the special requirements.This paper introduces the application and development of air pressure test technology for gas transmission pipelines home and abroad, analyzes the problems in fracture and fracture arrest of gas pipeline during air pressure test, and presents future study target in the light of the feature of high-pressure large-diameter gas transmission pipelines.