Abstract: In the light of the different service objects for product oil pipeline and crude oil pipeline, the substantial difference existed in product oil pipeline and crude oil pipeline is analyzed and discussed. The author considers that although these two kinds of pipelines belong under the same transporting pipelines, it is still absolutely different in the nature for the two pipelines in their operating and management. For the former on the one hand, its operating must be suited with the variation of market, and on the other hand, it has to be subjected to the supervision of market. While the later, it just provides services to oil refineries. A comparison on the operation between these two pipelines is made. The paper introduces the property of product oil pipeline with cases and describes the business relationship between the pipelines with market. To improve the utilization efficiency of pipeline, the effective measures must be taken to have a feasibility study to transport more kind of oils.