Abstract: In this paper, some oil and gas pipeline leak-detection technologies at home and abroad are introduced, including gas detection method, pressure distribution method, negative pressure wave detection method, testing element method, acoustic wave method, parts testing pressure method, pressure point analysis, pressure wave front detection, tracer detection methods, radioactivity detection and pipeline instantaneous model method. The advantages and weaknesses of all detection methods are analyzed. The authors considers that in the support of modern computer technology, those real-time pipeline leak detection technologies on the basis of fast algorithm will demonstrate their advantages.