加拿大CCUS项目全生命周期合规监管路径研究——以长湖油田为例

Research on the Full-Life-Cycle Compliance and Regulatory Pathway of CCUS Projects in Canada— A Case Study of the Long Lake Oilfield

  • 摘要: 针对中国企业参与加拿大CCUS项目面临的多层级监管结构复杂及工程实施与制度约束边界交叉等问题,本文以加拿大长湖油田一体化CCUS项目为案例,系统解析联邦碳信用与税收激励机制、省级资源权属与环境审批制度以及AER系列指令对捕集、管输、EOR与地质封存各环节的技术约束与许可边界。在此基础上,构建以合规前置为核心的全生命周期工程实施框架,建立工程里程碑与监管审批节点的耦合关系,识别从可研、设计、施工、运营到停注后阶段的关键合规接口与风险控制要点。研究表明,加拿大CCUS监管体系呈现技术标准法定化、行政许可前置化与长期责任制度化的显著特征,制度安排已成为影响技术路径选择与资本配置的重要约束。建议企业在海外CCUS工程中构建法规适用性矩阵与分阶段合规清单,完善实体工程与碳资产双轨MRV管理体系,并将封存后长期责任纳入技术经济评价模型。研究结果可为复杂监管环境下海外CCUS工程的制度整合与合规路径设计提供系统方法参考。

     

    Abstract: Addressing the complex multi-level regulations and intertwined engineering-institutional constraints faced by Chinese enterprises in Canadian CCUS projects, this study uses the Long Lake Oilfield integrated CCUS project as a case study. It systematically analyzes technical constraints and licensing boundaries across capture, pipeline transport, EOR, and geological storage, focusing on federal carbon credits and tax incentives, provincial resource and environmental policies, and AER directives. A lifecycle engineering framework centered on proactive compliance is developed, aligning project milestones with regulatory approvals and identifying key risk control points from feasibility to post-injection stages. Findings reveal that Canada's CCUS regulations feature statutory technical standards, proactive administrative licensing, and institutionalized long-term liability, which significantly impact technology selection and capital allocation. It is recommended that enterprises establish a regulatory applicability matrix, phased compliance checklists, a dual-track MRV system for physical and carbon assets, and integrate post-storage liability into techno-economic evaluations. This research offers a systematic reference for institutional integration and compliance path design in complex overseas CCUS projects.

     

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